Stadi bilong pasin bilong ol tokples

Lingwistikis i save i lukluk long tokples long manmeri. Nem lingwistikis ikam long Tok Inglis linguistics, i min save long tokples (lingua-).

Dichotomies na tokples

Save long tokples em i gat tripela axis.

• Synchronic vs Diachronic: Synchronic em i save i lukluk tokples long wanpela taim; Diachronic em i save i lukluk tokples long longpela histori.
• Theoretical vs Applied: Theoretical em i save i lukluk tokples long describing wan wan tokples na theory long yunivesal aspekt long tokples; Applied em i save long applying theory long narapela save.
• Contextual vs Autonomous: Contextual em i save i lukluk olsem wanem tokples interact long graum; Autonomous em i save i lukluk tokples long em yet.

Theoretical lingwistikis

• Ponetikis: save long ol nois bilong tokples (olsem a, e, p...)
• Ponoloji: save long dispela nois i kamapim wanem insait long het na insait long maus (olsem f i senis inap i kamap p),
• Mopoloji: save long senis bilong ol vokabelari, o liklik tok (olsem kain i senis inap i kamap kainkain),
• Sintakis: save long vokabelari i bung inap i kamapim sentens,
• Semantikis: save long mining bilong tok,
• Pramatikis: save long pasin yusim tok namel long narapela manmeri i save wankain tok.

Diachronic lingwistikis

Bikpela interes bilong theoretical lingwistikis em i wantaim i lukluk tokples long wanpela taim. Diachronic lingwistikis em i lukluk hau sampela tokples i kamap difren long bipo. Historikal lingwistikis i wanpela kain long diachronic lingwistikis em i lukluk histori bilong wanpela o mo tokples.

Save long lingwistikis i bin statim wantaim diachronic lingwistikis, tasol nau planti yunivesiti long Amerika tisim mo theoretical lingwistikis. Bihain Ferdinand de Saussure na Noam Chomsky, ol manmeri bilong lingwistikis i bin dilim theoretical mo long diachronic.

Lukim tu

• Grama
• Tokples

(Dispela pes Stadi bilong pasin bilong ol tokples em i liklik tumas. Yu inap raitim moa sapos yu laik halivim Wikipedia. Hau?)